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Alasan Kebanyakan Orang Menyukai Hoax Penyebaran berita palsu atau lebih populer disebuthoax semakin tidak terkendali, khususnya di media sosial. Hal ini terutama disebabkan situasi politik yang terus memanas.
Pihak-pihak yang berseberangan saling melempar berita yang semata menguntungkan pihaknya, lengkap dengan tambahan bumbu kebohongan di sana-sini. Bikin pusing tidak, sih?
Well , jelas bikin pusing—bahkan sangat mungkin menimbulkan gangguan psikologis. Kebenaran pun semakin sulit dibedakan. Selain itu, beritahoax ini cenderung menyebabkan candu yang membuat penikmatnya semakin lama semakin tersesat ke dalam sesuatu yang tidak nyata.
Studi terbaru yang dilakukan David Rapp, psikolog asal Universitas Northwestern baru-baru ini mengungkap alasan mengapa orang mudah percaya dan menyukai berita palsu. Tidak lain karena berita palsu lebih mudah dicerna dan masuk ke dalam memori otak dibanding harus bersikap kritis dan menganalisis setiap informasi yang mereka dapatkan.
Menurut Rapp, sekalipun kemudian muncul informasi-informasi baru yang disajikan, misalnya seperti klarifikasi atau pelurusan berita, memori otak tetap menarik informasi pertama, meskipun informasi tersebut salah.
“Orang cenderung berpikir mereka dapat berpegang pada kabar pertama. Akan tetapi, meski tersimpan dalam memori tidak lantas membuat informasi tersebut benar,” kata Rapp dalam jurnal keluaran Psychology Today yang berjudul New Research Shows Why People Believe False Information.
Lebih lanjut, studi tersebut juga menunjukkan bahwa menjadi lebih sulit lagi untuk menghindari informasi yang salah ketika informasi yang salah dan akurat beredar dan berkembang pada waktu bersamaan. Rapp mengatakan, kita dibombardir dengan informasi sepanjang hari, jadi tidak mungkin untuk mengevaluasi secara kritis semua kabar yang beredar.
”Kita sering beralasan menggunakan sumber yang tepercaya. Bukan berarti malas (memeriksa kebenaran), meskipun itu pasti berhubungan erat dengan masalah ini (percaya dengan berita palsu),” ujar Rapp.
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