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Bill Gates Bikin Nyamuk Rekayasa Pembunuh Malaria Perusahaan biotek Oxitec bekerja sama dengan milikBill Gates bersama istri, Bill dan Melinda Gates Foundation untuk menciptakannyamuk rekayasa genetika yang akan membantu memerangi penyebaran malaria. Dilansir dariCNET , The Gates Foundation memberikan 4 juta dolar atau sekitar Rp 56,8 miliar untuk proyek ini.
Sebelumnya, The Gates Foundation telah mendanai sekitar 2 miliar dolar AS (Rp 28 triliunan) untuk memerangi malaria dan sekarang yayasan tersebut mengalokasikan lebih banyak dana untuk metode baru. Para ilmuwan menamakannya dengan "Nyamuk Ramah", di mana mereka akan memodifikasi secara genetik nyamuk Aedes Aegypti jantan di laboratorium Oxitec.
Nantinya, nyamuk jantan ini akan kawin dengan betina di alam liar.
Rencananya, metode Oxitec akan melepaskan nyamuk jantan yang telah direkayasa tersebut untuk kawin dengan nyamuk betina liar yang memiliki kemungkinan membawa penyakit malaria. Keturunan mereka akan membawa gen yang bisa membatasi diri dan nyamuk betina akan mati sebelum mereka mampu menggigit manusia, mengingat hanya nyamuk betinalah yang menggigit.
Metode ini disebut akan membantu membatasi penularan malaria karena gen ini dapat diteruskan hingga 10 generasi. Dikabarkan selain dapat mengurangi malaria, dengan gen ini pun dapat mengurangi virus Zika.
"Pengendalian vektor telah memainkan peran penting dalam mengurangi kasus dan kematian akibat malaria selama lima belas tahun terakhir. Nyamuk yang dimodifikasi secara genetik menunjukkan janji dalam mengendalikan penyakit yang ditularkan vektor lainnya, jadi kami berharap untuk mengeksplorasi penggunaan mereka bersama intervensi komplementer untuk malaria," jelas Philip Welkhoff, Direktur Program Malaria di Bill dan Melinda Gates Foundation.
Nyamuk Oxitec dijadwalkan untuk uji coba lapangan pada musim gugur tahun 2020, namun proyek ini telah menuai penolakan salah satunya dari Friends of the Earth karena menurut mereka proyek ini akan berdampak pada keseimbangan ekosistem bumi.
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