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Bukti Ilmiah Terbaru Manfaat Teh Hijau untuk Kesehatan Bukti bahwa teh hijau ampuh melawan penyakit semakin bertambah. Ilmuwan gabungan dari Washington University di St Louis, Amerika Serikat; dan Berlin, Jerman, kembali mengungkapkan manfaat dari Epigallocatechine-3-gallate (EGCG). Ini merupakan polifenol—senyawa kimia dalam tumbuhan—di dalam daun teh hijau yang bersifat antioksidan. Senyawa tersebut, menurut studi yang terbit dalamJournal of Biological Chemistry ini, berpotensi menyelamatkan nyawa pasien pengidapmultiple myelome dan amiloidosis. Dua penyakit penyebab gangguan sumsum tulang ini kerap menyebabkan komplikasi medis yang fatal. Jan Bieschke, asisten profesor di Department Biomedical Engineering Washington University, mempelajari aktivitas protein tubuh yang berperan dalam timbulnya berbagai penyakit. Menurut dia, amiloidosis merusak rantai ringan antibodi di tubuh, termasuk di jantung dan ginjal. Rantai ringan adalah dua rantai protein yang melekat pada antibodi dengan jumlah asam amino paling sedikit. Dalam mamalia, dua rantai ini disebut rantai kapa dan rantai lambda. Dalam studi berjudulAggregation of Full Length Immunoglobulin Light Chains from AL Amyloidosis Patients is Remodeled by Epigallocatechin-3-gallate ini, Bieschke dan tujuh peneliti lainnya menyoroti dua hal, yakni memahami aktivitas rantai ringan amiloidosis, “Dan cara senyawa EGCG mempengaruhi rantai tersebut,” tulis tim dalam jurnal yang diakses Kamis pekan lalu itu. Ada beberapa langkah yang dilakukan Bieschke dan timnya. Pertama, mengisolasi sampel rantai ringan dari sembilan pasien dengan gangguan sumsun tulang belakang yang disebabkanmultiple myeloma dan amiloidosis. Kedua, menguji senyawa teh hijau dalam isolat protein tersebut. Studi ini berdasarkan riset Bieschke sebelumnya, yang berhasil menguak efek senyawa EGCG dalam daun teh hijau terhadap parkinson dan alzheimer. Senyawa tersebut berhasil mencegah penyakit menyebar dengan mengubahnya menjadi jenis yang tidak beracun. “Sederhananya, senyawa teh hijau ini menetralkan penyakit,” kata Bieschke, seperti dikutip dariEurekAlert .Temuan di Indonesia
Sebelumnya, pada 2015, Djoko Purwanto, pakar farmakologi dari Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, telah mengungkapkan manfaat senyawa EGCG untuk penyembuhan kanker. Pada teh hijau, dalam studi bersama tim dari Institute of Tropical Disease UNAIR, sifat antioksidan senyawa ini bahkan 100 kali lebih tinggi dibanding vitamin C, atau 25 kali lipat daripada vitamin E. Menurut Purwanto, mengkonsumsi teh hijau dengan dosis tinggi secara teratur ternyata membuahkan hasil. Uji klinis terhadap istrinya, yang mengidap kanker paru stadium metastasis, berhasil. Saat diuji kembali dalam tes antigen, sel-sel kanker dinyatakan berada di angka normal. Sebagai pengobatan, Purwanto mewajibkan istrinya meminum seduhan teh hijau tiga kali dalam sehari. Dosisnya adalah satu sendok teh hijau diseduh ke dalam 200 cc air putih. Tak hanya itu, dia juga meminta istrinya mengkonsumsi kapsul berisi ekstrak teh hijau hasil penelitiannya. Ekstrak dalam dosis tinggi itu sengaja diberikan dengan pertimbangan sel-sel kanker telah menjalar.JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY | EUREKALERT | AMRI M .
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