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Hati-hati, Kelainan Irama Jantung Bisa Picu Stroke Faktor usia sering dituduh sebagai faktor pendukung peningkatan prevalensi penderitaatrial fibrilasi (AF) alias kelainan irama jantung. Dokter spesialis jantung Antono Sutandar mengatakan pada usia 75-89 tahun, prevalensi kelainan ini mencapai 10-15 persen. Kelainan irama jantung ini akan memicu risiko stroke terutama jika memiliki keluhan lain seperti hipertensi dan diabetes. “Salah satu gejala AF yang paling mudah dikenali adalah detak jantung yang tidak teratur. Detak jantung ini bisa cepat, lambat, atau kombinasi cepat dan lambat,” ujarnya. Antono menambahkan jika irama jantung berlangsung cepat dapat disertai dengan keluhan gagal jantung, seperti sesak napas dan cepat lelah. Jika lambat disertai dengan keluhan seperti mau pingsan dan kehilangan kesadaran sementara. Pencetus kelainan irama jantung dapat berupa kelainan tiroid, kelainan atrium yang membesar akibat hipertensi, kelainan katup jantung, atau jantung yang lemah, dan sebagian kecil disebabkan oleh kelainan genetik. Antono menambahkan penanganan dapat dilakukan melalui dua cara, yaiturate control (hidup berdampingan dengan AF untuk mencari keseimbangan irama supaya tidak terlalu cepat atau lambat) danrhythm control (mengembalikan irama menjadi normal). Hasil jangka panjang antararate control danrhytm control tidak berbeda jauh. Komponen lain yang penting adalah pencegahan stroke yang dilakukan dengan pemberian obat pengencer darah. Obat pengencer darah dibagi menjadi dua yaituantiplatelet dananticoagulant . Bagi penderita AF,anticoagulant lebih efektif untuk mencegah stroke. Keputusan untuk menggunakan anticoagulant berdasarkan pertimbangan antara risiko dan keuntungannya. Keuntungannya adalah menurunkan stroke sebanyak 60-70 persen, sedangkan risikonya adalah perdarahan sebesar 3-5 persen per tahun. Bagi penderita yang mengalami kontraindikasi atau tidak tahan terhadapanticoagulant terdapat pilihan lain yaitu dengan menutup kuping kamar atas jantung dan pemberian obatantiplatelet dengan risiko perdarahan yang lebih kecil.BISNIS Artikel lain: Waspadai Meningitis, Apa Saja Gejalanya? Hitung Kalori Makanan agar Asupan Nutrisi Tak Berlebih Jurus Supaya Istri Bersemangat Turunkan Berat Badan
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