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Hujan Deras di Mars, Bikin Planet Merah itu Mirip Bumi? Hujan deras di Mars pada masa lalu ternyata membuat planet merah itu mirip dengan bumi. Hujan tersebut berdampak pada kawah dan pola aliran sungai di permukaannya sejak miliaran tahun lalu. Tim ilmuwan dari Smithsonian Institution dan John Hopkins University di Maryland, Amerika Serikat, menunjukkan perubahan atmosfer Mars tersebut dalam jurnalIcarus edisi terbaru.
Mars, tulis ilmuwan dalam jurnal tersebut, memiliki rupa geologis seperti bumi dan bulan. Di antaranya, yaitu kawah dan lembah. Itu semua terbentuk karena hujan di masa purba. Namun, meski ada bukti keberadaan air di Mars, hujan sudah tak lagi turun. Baca:Kentang Bisa Tumbuh di Lingkungan Mirip Planet Mars Untuk membuktikan keberadaan hujan purba tersebut, tim yang dipimpin Robert Craddock dan Ralp Lorenz memakai metode dampak kerusakan hujan di permukaan bumi. "Kami mengaplikasikannya ke ilmu fisika untuk memahami atmosfer di Mars masa lalu," tulis tim dalam jurnal. Ralp Lorenz, ilmuwan senior John Hopkins, juga pernah mempelajari cairan metana hujan di Titan, satelit Saturnus. Mars memiliki umur yang sama dengan bumi: 4,5 miliar tahun. Sejak awal pembentukan, planet ini memiliki lebih banyak unsur di atmosfernya ketimbang sekarang, termasuk ukuran hujan dan intensitas hujan turun. Tetesan hujan di Mars diyakini berukuran seperti tetesan embun. "Sehingga tak mungkin meninggalkan jejak di planet tersebut," kata tim. Baca:Uni Emirat Arab Ingin Bangun Kota di Planet Mars Penurunan tekanan di atmosfer tersebut kian turun selama ratusan juta tahun menyebabkan tetesan air hujan membesar. Ini berdampak pada tanah yang kemudian membentuk kawah dan lembah. Saat tekanan atmosfer turun menjadi 1,5 bar yang menjadikannya tetesan air mencapai 7,3 milimeter per kubik, atau satu milimeter lebih besar dengan intensitas hujan di bumi saat ini. Wajar, tulis tim, kalau hujan deras di Mars saat itu membuat planet merah tersebut memiliki bentangan geologi mirip bumi.ICARUS | AMRI MAHBUB
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