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Kesepian Berdampak Buruk bagi Kesehatan REPUBLIKA.CO.ID, JAKARTA -- Jangan anggap sepele kesepian, yang disebut penulis Jepang Haruki Murakami sebagai 'asam yang menggerogoti tubuh'. Berbagai studi pun menyebut kesepian berbahaya untuk kesehatan karena bisa menyebabkan penyakit jantung, obesitas, dan tekanan darah tinggi. Hal tersebut diulas Helen Cowan, perawat yang menyelesaikan studi doktoral bidang farmakologi jantung di Oxford. Ia mengungkap hasil studi tim ilmuwan dari York University yang mengaitkan kesepian dengan 29 persen peningkatan risiko penyakit jantung dan 32 persen peningkatan stroke. "Kesepian menyerang orang tanpa memandang usia, jenis kelamin, budaya; dan itu bisa membunuh," kata ia lewat tulisannya yang diterbitkan diBritish Journal of Cardiac Nursing . Cowan menjelaskan, selain udara untuk bernapas dan air untuk minum, manusia memiliki kebutuhan yang mendalam untuk 'merasa memiliki dan dimiliki'. Ketika kebutuhan primordial ini tidak terpenuhi, tingkat hormon stres melonjak sehingga tekanan darah meningkat dan fungsi restoratif tidur turut hilang. Ada kemungkinan bahwa orang-orang yang kesepian mengambil perilaku yang berbahaya bagi jantung seperti merokok dan gaya hidup tak sehat. Selain itu, rasa kesepian juga dapat memengaruhi otak dan berpotensi menyebabkan rendah diri, kecemasan, depresi, neurotisisme, skizofrenia, bahkan bunuh diri. Ia mengatakan, studi ilmiah terhadap 823 orang tua menunjukkan bahwa mereka yang kesepian berisiko dua kali lipat mengalami demensia dan penurunan kognitif. Kesepian di hari tua cenderung membuat seseorang berhalusinasi sebagai sarana untuk melarikan diri dari siklus kekosongan dan kebosanan. "Sayangnya, tidak ada resep ampuh untuk masalah ini. Klub, relawan, maupun persahabatan hanya bisa membantu sampai batas tertentu dan tidak menjamin perlindungan dari kesepian," kata dia.