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Mana yang Lebih Berbahaya, Nikotin atau TAR? Jika mendengar istilah nikotin maka biasanya yang muncul dalam ingatan masyarakat adalah salah satu kandungan berbahaya yang terdapat dalam produk tembakau. Persepsi ini nyatanya masih cukup kuat melekat dalam benak masyarakat luas. Hal ini dikarenakan belum dipahaminya betul mengenai apa sebenarnya nikotin itu sehingga dikatakan berbahaya. "Masih banyak simpang siur dan kesalahpahaman di masyarakat tentang komponen atau senyawa berbahaya dari konsumsi produk tembakau," ucap Dr drg Amaliya, MsSc, PhD, Tim peneliti dari Yayasan Pemerhati Kesehatan Publik (YPKP) Indonesia dalam siaran pers yang diterimaRepublika.co.id , Rabu (17/1). Ia menambahkan masyarakat juga percaya bahwa zat yang paling berbahaya dari konsumsi produk tembakau adalah nikotin, padahal hal itu salah. Hal ini menimbulkan kekeliruan persepsi dari pengertian nikotin itu sendiri. Padahal berdasarkan kajian ilmiah, komponen berbahaya yang memicu berbagai penyakit seperti jantung, kanker, dan paru-paru adalah senyawa hasil pembakaran yang disebut dengan TAR. "Nikotin merupakan zat adiktif yang mengakibatkan kecanduan jika dikonsumsi dalam dosis tinggi. Tidak hanya dalam produk tembakau, nikotin juga terkandung dalam sayuran, seperti kembang kol, kentang, terung, dan tomat. Meskipun, belum banyak yang mengetahuinya," jelas Amaliya. Lantas, sebenarnya apa perbedaan antara nikotin dan TAR? Mana yang sebenarnya berbahaya? Merujuk pada penggolongan senyawa, nikotin adalah senyawa kimia organik kelompok alkaloid yang dihasilkan secara alami pada berbagai macam tumbuhan, seperti suku terung-terungan (solanaceae), tembakau, dan tomat serta kafein. Senyawa kimia alkaloid ini memiliki efek kuat dan bersifat stimulan terhadap tubuh manusia. Jika dikonsumsi secara terus menerus dalam jangka panjang, nikotin akan menyebabkan efek kecanduan. "Namun, tidak memicu berbagai penyakit yang biasa disebutkan pada kemasan rokok," lanjut Amaliya. Sedangkan, TAR adalah senyawa kimia dan kumpulan bahan kimia yang akan beredar dalam asap hasil pembakaran. Selain rokok, TAR juga dihasilkan dari pembakaran batubara, minyak bumi, gambut, dan kayu.