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Membantu Anak Berhenti Mengisap Jempol Setelah anak melewati masa balita, kebiasaan mengisap jempol membawa sejumlah risiko kesehatan fisik dan psikologis. Konstruksi gigi yang mulai lengkap dapat melukai dan menyebabkan iritasi pada kulit jari.
Di samping itu, kondisi jari dan kuku yang tidak bersih bisa menyebabkan tubuh terkontaminasi kuman dan bakteri lewat mulut, bahkan menyebabkan infeksi.
Dampak kebiasaan mengisap jempol pada anak di atas 5 tahun juga berpengaruh pada perkembangan kemampuan bicara anak. Posisi lidah dan mulut biasa dipenuhi ibu jari, anak sulit melafalkan bunyi-bunyi tertentu.
“Beberapa anak mengalami kendala dalam berbicara, yaitu masalah dalam mengucapkan huruf S dan bunyi-bunyi lain yang membutuhkan gerakan lidah,” kata Forrest Umberger, PhD, profesor pendidikan dan gangguan komunikasi khusus dari Universitas Negeri Valdosta di Georgia, AS.
Dari aspek psikologis, kebiasaan mengisap jempol yang kebablasan membuat anak bisa menjadi korban perundungan. Anak dipandang teman-temannya seperti bayi.
Menghentikan kebiasaan yang telah dimulai sejak anak di dalam kandungan memang pekerjaan sulit dan butuh dukungan banyak pihak. Perlu diingat, menghukum atau mempermalukan anak tidak akan menghentikan kebiasaan ini – malah akan menurunkan kepercayaan diri dan menambah kegelisahan anak.
“Kenyataannya, kebanyakan anak di atas 6 tahun sangat ingin menghentikan kebiasaan itu, namun mereka sangat membutuhkan bantuan orang lain,” beri tahu Goldstein.
Cara untuk menghentikan atau mengikis sedikit demi sedikit kebiasaan mengisap jempol, alihkan perhatian anak. Amati kapan anak sering mengisap jempol. Jika misalnya ketika menonton televisi, alihkan dengan kegiatan pengganti seperti memberikan bola karet atau boneka untuk membuat tangan mereka sibuk.
Jika anak melakukannya saat mereka lelah, pastikan waktu tidur siang lebih panjang. Atau jika anak terlihat frustrasi, ajak anak mencurahkan perasaan lewat kata-kata. Kuncinya, ketahuilah kapan dan situasi apa saja yang membuat anak mengisap jempol, lalu berikan kegiatan alternatif dan redakan emosi anak sehingga mereka melupakan keinginan mengisap jempol.
(riz/gur)