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Penjelasan Ilmiah di Balik Bau Prengus Kambing Mendekati Idul Adha, penganut agama Islam tentu sudah mulai banyak mencium bau prengus kambing yang di bawa angin ke luar dari kandang mereka. Bau khas itu mungkin tak sedap di hidung manusia, namun hasil penelitian justru mengungkap sebaliknya. Bau prengus kambing ternyata memiliki perang penting untuk melanjutkan keturunan. Rupanya, bau prengus dapat membuat kambing betina tergila-gila pada pejantan yang mengeluarkan bau itu. Ken Murata dan teman sekampusnya di University of Tokyo meneliti mengapa rambut kambing dengan bau prengus memiliki efek tersebut.
Kambing merupakan salah satu makhluk yang mengeluarkan bau melalui urin, rambut dan bagian tubuh lainnya. Peneliti membuat topi khusus untuk mengisolasi feromon potensial di rambut kambing. Topi itu juga akan menghisap zat kimia dari bau. Setelah itu, mereka mengambil beberapa kambing betina untuk mengukur sinyal listrik di otak mereka saat merespons bau itu. Mereka secara khusus melihat pelepasan hormon luteinizing yang pada gilirannya berperan dalam membuat kambing betina (dan manusia) berovulasi. Dalam publikasnya di jurnalCurrent Biology , para peneliti menjelaskan telah menemukan feromon di rambut kambing. Bau itu mengandung sejumlah senyawa kuat, salah satu yang terkuat adalah 4-etiloctanal. Saat menyebar di udara, senyawa tersebut menjadi asam 4-etiloktanoat.
Jeremy Smith, seorang ahli neuroendokrinologi di University of Western Australia di Nedlands, berharap bahwa identifikasi satu feromon pada kambing ini akan membuka jalan bagi identifikasi feromon pada spesies lain. "Jika kita tahu struktur kimia dasar pada kambing, maka kita bisa mencari, dan menguji, senyawa serupa pada domba dan sapi," katanya. Sementara itu, perusahaan parfum masih mencari feromon manusia yang sulit dipahami. Menemukan feromon pada kambing tidak berarti ilmuwan akan menemukannya pada manusia. Namun mengetahui bahan kimia apa yang harus dicari untuk menemukan feronom manusia menjadi petunjuk penting.