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Mengapa pengobatan TBC butuh waktu berbulan-bulan? Penyakit tubercolusis (TBC) bisa disembuhkan asalkan pasien disiplin menjalani pengobatan di mana mereka harus mengonsumsi beberapa jenis obat selama 6-9 bulan. Dokter spesialis paru Erlina Burhan menjelaskan alasan pengobatan TBC memakan waktu hingga setengah tahun. "Kuman TBC itu banyak dan sifatnya berbeda-beda sehingga butuh obat banyak," kata Erlina dalam konferensi pers kampanye #PeduliKitaPeduliTBC di Jakarta, Minggu. "Setiap obat memiliki kekhasan sendiri untuk membunuh kuman. Selain itu, dinding sel kuman TB tebal, jadi perlu waktu sampai semuanya mati," jelas Erlina.Baca juga: Vino Bastian terkejut, penderita TBC Indonesia terbanyak kedua dunia Selama enam bulan, pasien tidak boleh sekalipun alpa meminum obat atau berhenti di tengah jalan. Bila pasien "bandel", kuman bisa bermutasi jadi kebal obat. Akibatnya, pasien harus menerima pengobatan yang banyak. Hal itu dialami oleh Ulwiyah yang sembuh dari TBC pada Maret 2013. Penyakit itu telah dideritanya sejak usia 10 tahun, namun obatnya tidak diminum tuntas karena dia merasa bosan. "Sempat sembuh lalu kambuh lagi sampai pada 2011 saya dinyatakan TB MDR (Multi Drug Resistant)," kata Ulwiyah. Selama 23 bulan, setiap hari dia meminum 15 butir obat dan disuntik. "Setiap hari ke rumah sakit, harus minum di depan dokter," katanya, menambahkan proses pengobatan itu menghambat aktivitas sehari-hari.Baca: Sinar matahari bantu cegah penularan TB Dia sempat putus asa setelah menjalaninya selama dua bulan, namun motivasinya kembali bangkit karena mengingat buah hatinya. Sempat depresi dan tidak mau berdekatan dengan orang-orang sehat, kegigihannya terbayar sudah. Pasien Erlina yang berat badannya pernah turun hingga 35 kg akibat TBC itu kini sudah kembali sehat. Proses penyebaran TBC terjadi lewat udara, ketika penderita batuk, bersin dan mengeluarkan percikan dahak yang dihirup orang lain. Bakteri TBC sebagian besar menyerang paru-paru, tapi bakteri ini juga bisa menyerang organ tubuh lain seperti selaput otak, usus, tulang juga kelenjar getah bening di leher dan ketiak. TBC adalah salah satu dari 10 penyebab kematian terbesar dunia. Penderita TBC Indonesia terbanyak kedua di dunia setelah India dengan 274 kasus kematian perhari dan 1.020.000 penderita pada 2016.