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Mengenal Jenis-jenis Bullying atau Perundungan Kasus bullying atau perundungan baru-baru ini terjadi padaAudrey , siswa SMP di Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat. Kasus ini membuka mata bahwabullying ada di sekitar kita terutama pada anak-anak. Perundungan adalah perilaku atau tindakan agresif yang melibatkan ketidakseimbangan kekuatan sehingga merugikan orang lain. Perilaku agresif ini dapat dilakukan berulang kali dan menyebabkan masalah yang serius pada orang yang di-bully . Berdasarkan situs resmi Stop Bullying Amerika Serikat, tindakan yang dikategorikan sebagai perundungan adalah tindakan yang agresif dan mengandung ketidakseimbangan kekuatan dan pengulangan. Ketidakseimbangan kekuatan itu diartikan sebagai orang yang menggunakan kekuatan mereka seperti kekuatan fisik, akses informasi yang memalukan, atau popularitas untuk mengendalikan atau membahayakan orang lain. Ada banyak jenis penindasan yang dapat dialami oleh anak-anak maupun orang dewasa. Secara garis besar, perundungan dapat dibagi dalam beberapa jenis, berikut jenis-jenis bullying atau perundungan yang patut diwaspadai.
1. Perundungan fisik Perundungan fisik adalah penindasan yang dilakukan dengan cara melibatkan fisik seperti melukai tubuh seseorang yang dapat menyebabkan efek jangka pendek dan jangka panjang. Perundungan fisik mencakup memukul, menendang, mencubit, mendorong, dan menghancurkan barang orang lain.2. Perundungan verbal Perundungan verbal adalah intimidasi yang melibatkan kata-kata baik secara tertulis atau terucap. Perundungan secara verbal meliputi menggoda, memanggil nama yang tidak pantas, mengejek, menghina, dan mengancam.3. Perundungan sosial Perundungan sosial adalah penindasan yang mengakibatkan merusak reputasi atau hubungan seseorang. Intimidasi sosial ini mencakup berbohong, menyebarkan rumor negatif, mempermalukan seseorang, dan mengucilkan seseorang.
4.Cyberbullying atau perundungan di dunia maya Perundungan di dunia maya adalah perilaku intimidasi yang dilakukan menggunakan teknologi digital. Perundungan di dunia maya ini meliputi mengunggah gambar atau video yang tidak pantas, menyebar gosip secara online, dan menggunakan informasi orang lain di media sosial.5. Perundungan seksual Dikutip dari Very Well Family, perundungan seksual adalah tindakan yang berbahaya dan memalukan seseorang secara seksual. Intimidasi seksual ini termasuk pemanggilan nama seksual atau cat-calling, gerakan vulgar, menyentuh, dan materi pornografi.
Foto: CNN Indonesia/Laudy Gracivia
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