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Ragam Tipe Perumahan Korea di Masa Lalu dan Ideologi di Baliknya (Choga-jib/Google )
Uzone.id - Kamu pernah mendengar tentang ragam tipe perumahan Korea di masa lalu dan ideologi di baliknya? Menurut King Sejong Institution Center (KSIC) Indonesia, rumah Korea biasa disebut Hanok.
Ada dua tipe rumah Korea, yaitu Giwa-jib dan Choga-jib. Bahan-bahan yang digunakan pada masing-masing rumah berasal dari alam, sebab rumah dipandang sebagai bagian dari alam. Dan rumah bagus adalah yang berharmonisasi dengan alam.
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Mengutip siaran pers KSIC, bahan dasar kedua tipe rumah ini sama-sama terdiri dari tanah, kayu, dan batu. Batu dan tanah biasanya digunakan untuk fondasi dasar serta kayu digunakan untuk rangka dan tembok rumah. Warga Korea mempertahankan bentuk asli dari kayu, sehingga terdapat banyak lekukan alami kayu dalam rumah.
Perbedaan Giwa-jib dan Choga-jib terletak pada atap. Atap Giwa-jib disebut Giwa, yang menggunakan tanah liat. Sedangkan Choga-jib menggunakan ilalang atau jerami yang dikeringkan sebagai atap, sehingga harus sering diganti.
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Masih dari sumber yang sama, atap Choga-jib yang terdiri dari ilalang dan jerami memiliki kelebihan tersendiri. Saat musim panas, atap dapat menyejukkan ruangan. Sedangkan saat musim dingin dapat mencegah dingin masuk ke ruangan.
Uniknya lagi, saat membangun rumah ini, masyarakat saling membantu dan bergantian membangun rumah di kampung mereka. Demikian keunikan dari rumah Korea tipe Choga-jib.
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Sementara itu keunikan Giwa-jib terletak pada filosofi konfusius, yaitu laki-laki dan perempuan tidak boleh berada di satu ruangan yang sama.
Alhasil anggota keluarga laki-laki dan perempuan hidup di ruangan berbeda. Laki-laki di Sarang-chae/Sarang-bang, sementara perempuan di An-chae/An-bang.
Selain itu, penghormatan kepada leluhur juga hal yang penting dalam konfisius. Karena itu, Giwa-jib memiliki bagian rumah khusus untuk menyembah para leluhur yang disebut Sadang. Jadi itulah ragam tipe perumahan Korea di masa lalu dan ideologi di baliknya.