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Misteri Lingkaran Hitam Sebesar Bumi di Jupiter Terpecahkan pada 5 tahun lalu - byTim NASA berhasil memecahkan misteri lingkaran hitam sebesarBumi yang nampak di permukaanJupiter . Menurut NASA bayangan tersebut adalah bayangan besar akibat gerhana dari salah satu bulan yang ada di Jupiter. Total bulan yang mengitari Jupiter ada sebanyak 79 buah. Salah satu bulan yang mengakibatkan bayangan bintik hitam sebesar Bumi itu adalah Io. Orbit bulan ini berada paling dekat dari Jupiter. Io merupakan satelit dengan ukuran keempat terbesar di Tata Surya. Satelit ini ditemukan pada 1610 oleh Galileo Galilei.
Ukuran Io yang sangat besar ini berpengaruh pada bayangan gerhana yang jatuh di Jupiter. Akibat ukuran Io yang sangat besar, bayangan gerhana yang jatuh di permukaan di Jupiter tampak sangat tegas dan jelas, seperti lubang hitam. Berbeda dengan bayangan gerhana di Bumi yang tampak kabur, seperti dijelaskan astrofisik Katie Mack lewat cuitannya. "Io berukuran sangat besar sehingga ia memblokir lebih dari ukuran matahari (jika dilihat dari permukaan Jupiter, Io berukuran 4 kali lebih besar dari Matahari)," jelasnya seperti dikutipCnet . "Sehingga ukuran penumbra Io (bayangan kabur di pinggir bayangan gerhana) sangat tipis," tambahnya. Dalam tangkapan gambar NASA, bayangan akibat gerhana Io berukuran serupa dengan Bintik Merah Besar. Bintik Merah Besar adalah salah satu badai yang sempat mengamuk di Jupiter. Ukuran bayangan yang terbentuk di Jupiter akibat amukan badai ini sedikit lebih besar dari Bumi. "Io sangat besar dan dekat sehingga lebih dari menghalangi matahari (tampak 4x lebih besar dari matahari dari perspektif Jupiter)," kata Katie Mack, seorang ahli astrofisika yang menjelaskan soal bintik hitam Jupiter itu, seperti dikutipThe New York Post .
Io adalah bulan dengan aktivitas vulkanik paling aktif di tata surya. Terdapat lebih dari 400 gunung berapi aktif yang telah ditemukan di Io. Ada lebih dari 100 gunung yang tersebar di Io, beberapa di antaranya lebih tinggi dari Gunung Everest. Saat aktif, gunung-gunung api itu memuntahkan lava dan gas dengan ketinggian hingga 483 kilometer ke udara. Pesawat antariksa Juno milik NASA dibangun oleh Lockheed Martin dan diluncurkan dari Florida pada 5 Agustus 2011. Ia memasuki orbit kutub Jupiter pada 5 Juli 2016, untuk mulai menyelidiki planet ini. Misinya mencakup mengukur komposisi, gravitasi, dan umpan magnetik Yupiter - dan mencari petunjuk tentang bagaimana planet ini terbentuk. Juno didukung oleh array matahari dan memiliki peralatan pencitraan yang digunakan untuk mengirim foto-foto spektakuler kembali ke Bumi.
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