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Orang Tua Perlu Waspadai Batuk terkait Vaping Kematian pasien remaja akibat penyakit paru yang berhubungan dengan vaping di negara bagian Illinois, Amerika Serikat (AS), mencetuskan urgensi untuk mengidentifikasi risiko rokok elektronik. Seorang dokter paru anak di Monroe Carell Jr Children's Hospital, dr Jacob Kaslow menyebutkan beberapa penyakit paru yang berhubungan dengan vaping terjadi pada remaja kisaran usia 15 tahun. Menurut seorang dokter anak di Rumah Sakit Anak Seattle, dr Wendy Sue Swanson, orang tua dan dokter anak bisa menjadi salah satu garis pertahanan terdepan dalam menemukan gejala dan mengidentifikasi remaja yang berisiko mengalami masalah paru. Hal itu dia sampaikan terkait popularitas rokok elektrik beberapa tahun terakhir.
"Semua orang harus waspada," kata Swanson dilansir diNBC News , Sabtu (24/8). Pusat Pengendalian dan Pencegahan Penyakit (CDC) AS telah melaporkan adanya peningkatan 78 persen pengguna rokok elektronik pada siswa sekolah menengah dari 2017 hingga 2018. Swanson mengatakan, dokter anak sebetulnya sering memeriksa remaja terkait penggunaan tembakau.
Namun, menurut Swanson, lonjakan penyakit yang berhubungan dengan vaping baru-baru ini. Untuk itu, dia mengatakan, dokter harus mencermati keluhan pernapasan anak dan kaitannya dengan rokok elektronik. “Ketika seorang anak datang dengan keluhan pernapasan, terutama di usia sekolah menengah pertama atau sekolah menengah atas, kita perlu menapis kemungkinan penggunaan produk vaping dan mungkin melakukan triase mereka secara berbeda sampai kita tahu apa yang terjadi,” ujar Swanson. Menurut Swanson, dokter kini mengubah alur pertanyaannya saat anamnesis pasien. Riwayat vaping menjadi pertanyaan pertama,ketika bertemu pasien dengan kesulitan pernapasan.
Rata-rata remaja dengan riwayat vaping mengeluhkan batuk dan paru yang terasa seperti terbakar ketika mereka mencoba menarik napas dalam-dalam. Gejala-gejalanya tampak jelas pada atlet remaja, yang selalu mengisi paru dengan cukup udara untuk mengimbangi latihan fisik. "Jika seorang anak menderita batuk, dan itu tidak biasa dan muncul entah dari mana, orang tua benar-benar harus bertanya, hai sayang, apakah kamu merokok elektronik,” kata Swanson. Dia meminta orang tua atau dokter anak mengadakan percakapan terbuka tentang dampak vaping. Biarkan remaja tahu efek jangka panjang serta contoh remaja yang dirawat dengan dukungan pernapasan akibat menjadi pengguna rokok elektronik. CDC melaporkan, setidaknya 193 kasus penyakit misterius sedang diselidiki di seluruh negeri. Kaslow melaporkan bahwa rumah sakitnya merawat empat kasus pernapasan terkait vaping selama enam bulan terakhir. “Kesulitan dari kasus-kasus ini adalah pasien tidak menunjukkan gejala yang sama,” ujar Kaslow. Dia menjabarkan bahwa sebagian besar pasien mengeluh sakit kepala, sesak napas, dan batuk. Namun, pasien lain menunjukkan gejala lebih parah, seperti batuk darah, infeksi atipikal, atau kesulitan tak terduga setelah operasi.
Satu-satunya hubungan antara kasus-kasus itu ialah seluruh pasien memiliki riwayat merokok elektronik yang mengandung nikotin atau THC (bahan psikoaktif dalam ganja).