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Perkawinan Anak Marak di Indonesia Perkawinan anak di Indonesia saat ini masih tergolong marak. Kondisi memperihatinkan itu berdampak pada turunnya kualitas hidup pelaku perkawinan anak.
TEMPO.CO ,Jakarta - Perkawinan anak di Indonesia saat ini masih tergolong marak. Kondisi memprihatinkan itu berdampak pada turunnya kualitas hidup pelaku perkawinan anak di masa depan. "Indonesia negara kedua di ASEAN setelah Kamboja," kata Ketua Kalyanamitra, Listyowati, di Jakarta, Minggu, 18 Desember 2016. Sedangkan di dunia, Indonesia menempati urutan ke-37. Menurut Listyowati, satu dari lima anak di Indonesia menikah di bawah umur. "Jadi kondisinya memang mengkhawatirkan," katanya. Menurut Listyowati, Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan menyebutkan batas minimal usia perkawinan adalah 16 tahun. Masyarakat sipil, termasuk Kalyanamitra, kata Listyowati, menyatakan tidak setuju dengan batas tersebut. Dia mengusulkan batas usia minimal perkawinan adalah 18 tahun. Karena itulah dorongan agar pemerintah menghentikan praktek perkawinan anak diusulkan melalui perpu. Listyowati mengaku pihaknya telah mengajukan draf perpu soal pencegahan dan penghentian praktek perkawinan anak ke pemerintah Joko Widodo sejak awal 2016. Beberapa usulan dalam draf tersebut adalah mengubah batas usia perkawinan menjadi 18 tahun, sesuai konvensi hak anak; pelibatan peran keluarga dan sekolah dalam pencegahan perkawinan anak; serta meniadakan dispensasi perkawinan. Dispensasi perkawinan, kata Listyowati, sering terjadi di masyarakat. Misalnya, penghulu membolehkan anak yang masih berada di bawah usia 16 tahun untuk menikah karena pertimbangan-pertimbangan tertentu, misalnya orang tua menikahkan anak karena hamil duluan. "Kami ingin tidak ada lagi dispensasi perkawinan, karena begitu ada, ini jadi celah lagi perkawinan anak," kata Listyowati. Praktek perkawinan anak dianggap akan membuat masa depan anak menjadi tidak lebih baik. Sebab, dalam banyak kasus perkawinan anak membuat aspek pendidikan, kesehatan, dan ketenagakerjaan semakin memprihatinkan. Banyak anak harus putus sekolah karena perkawinan. Dari aspek kesehatan, perkawinan anak juga dianggap membuat tingginya angka kematian ibu melahirkan atau gizi buruk pada anak. Sedangkan dari ketenagakerjaan, kurangnya keterampilan membuat pelaku perkawinan anak menjadi pekerja yang tidak memiliki keterampilan sehingga diupah rendah. Duta stop perkawinan anak, Mentari Putri Novel, mengatakan perkawinan anak banyak terjadi di daerah timur Indonesia. "Dampak negatif perkawinan anak terlihat dari tingginya kemiskinan dan rendahnya kualitas pendidikan," kata Mentari. Sebagai Duta, Mentari berkeinginan agar praktek perkawinan anak bisa dihentikan. "Saya juga mengkampanyekan penghentian perkawinan anak melalui media sosial," katanya.AMIRULLAH
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