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Pernah Vaksin Difteri, Perlukah Diulang saat Dewasa? Belakangan ini penyakit difteri kembali mewabah di Indonesia. Difteri sebenarnya merupakan penyakit lama dan sudah ada vaksin penangkalnya yang disebut dengan vaksin DPT. Namun penyakit ini kembali menyerang orang dewasa yang sudah pernah mendapatkan vaksin difteri sejak kecil. Kok bisa? Lantas, apakah ini berarti orang dewasa harus divaksin lagi? Berikut ulasan lengkap yang dihimpun Hello Sehat.Memahami Jenis dan Jadwal Pemberian Vaksin Difteri Difteri adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh Corynebacterium dan biasanya menyerang amandel, tenggorokan, hidung, serta kulit. Penyakit ini menyebar dengan cepat melalui partikel udara lewat batuk, bersin, atau tertawa. Jika terkena penyakit ini, Anda akan merasakan gejala berupa radang tenggorokan, serak, hingga masalah pernapasan. Bahkan, difteri bisa menyebabkan kematian jika tidak segera ditangani sehingga membutuhkan pencegahan berupa vaksin. Vaksin untuk difteri itu sendiri ada tiga jenis, yaitu DPT-HB-Hib, vaksin DT, dan vaksin Td. Vaksin ini diberikan pada usia yang berbeda, sebagai berikut: 1. Bayi di bawah satu tahun diberikan tiga dosis vaksin DPT-HB-Hib dengan jarak satu bulan 2. Anak usia 18 bulan diberikan satu dosis vaksin DPT-HB-Hib 3. Anak sekolah kelas 1 SD diberikan satu dosis vaksin DT di bulan November 4. Anak sekolah kelas 2 SD diberikan satu dosis vaksin Td di bulan November 5. Anak sekolah kelas 5 SD diberikan satu dosis vaksin Td di bulan November Nah, kini saatnya Anda memastikan apakah anak Anda sudah menerima imunisasi lengkap sesuai jadwalnya, termasuk vaksin difteri ini. Jika dirasa belum lengkap, maka segera dilengkapi, karena bisa jadi anak akan memiliki risiko terkena difteri saat ia dewasa.
Lantas, bagaimana dengan orang yang pernah vaksin difteri saat kecil, kok masih bisa terkena saat dewasa? Munculnya kasus difteri pada orang dewasa memang sebagian besar karena tidak divaksin atau status imunisasi yang kurang lengkap sejak kecil. Itulah sebabnya Anda perlu memastikan apakah Anda sudah menerima vaksin difteri atau belum. Jika memang belum, maka Anda tetap harus diimunisasi lagi untuk mencegah terkena penyakit ini. Namun Anda juga perlu mengetahui meski saat kecil sudah divaksin, kekebalan tubuh Anda terhadap penyakit difteri ini bisa saja menurun seiring berjalannya waktu. Hal ini akan diperparah bila tidak dilakukan upaya pencegahan terhadap difteri secara maksimal. Belum lagi dengan beberapa orangtua yang menganggap imunisasi tidak berdampak apapun pada kekebalan tubuh sehingga menolak vaksin difteri untuk anak. Hal ini yang menyebabkan adanya celah bagi penyakit difteri untuk kembali masuk dan menular ke anak-anak maupun orang dewasa.