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Polusi Udara Bisa Sebabkan Bayi Lahir Prematur Pengendalian polusi udara berpotensi mencegah kelahiran prematur atas 2,7 juta bayi tahun ini. Kelahiran prematur merupakan sebuah kondisi yang berpotensi mengancam kehidupan bayi dan meningkatkan risiko kendala fisik dan saraf jangka panjang. Seperti diberitakan Reuters, Jumat (17 Februari 2017) sebuah studi yang dipublikasikan diEnvironment International Journal (Jurnal Lingkungan Internasional) menyebut, partikel di udara yang dihasilkan oleh asap bahan bakar dan sumber lainnya bisa meningkatkan risiko kelahiran prematur juga risiko lainnya yang menyangkut usia dan kesehatan ibu. “Polusi udara tidak hanya berbahaya bagi orang-orang yang menghirup udara secara langsung, tetapi juga dengan serius mempengaruhi kesehatan bayi yang berada dalam kandungan seorang ibu,” sebut Chris Maley, penulis utama studi yang dibuat berdasarkan data pada 2010 lalu seperti dikutip dari Reuters, Jumat (17 Februari 2017). Dalam studi itu disebutkan, bahwa pada umumnya kelahiran prematur di Asia Selatan dan Timur berhubungan dengan polusi udara. Di India saja terjadi sekitar 1 juta kelahiran prematur dan 500.000 kelahiran yang sama di China sepanjang 2010. Kendaraan berbahan bakar diesel, kebakaran hutan, pembakaran tanaman, penggunaan kayu, kotoran hewan, dan arang untuk mermasak menjadi kontributor utama bagi masalah ini. Seorang wanita hamil di sebuah kota di China atau India menghirup 10 kali lebih banyak polutan dibandingkan wanita hamil yang berada di daerah pedesaan di Inggris atau Prancis, sebut laporan studi tersebut. Sementara itu, studi tersebut menunjukkan, di negara-negara Sub Sahara bagian barat, Afrika Utara dan Timur Tengah, kelahiran prematur pada umumnya terkait dengan paparan abu padang pasir. Bada Kesehata PBB WHO menyebutkan setiap tahun sebanyak 15 juta bayi diperkirakan lahir prematur dan hampir satu juta diantaranya meninggal akibat komplikasi. PBB menyebutkan komplikasi pada kelahiran prematur menjadi penyebab utama meninggalnya anak-anak di bawah usia lima tahun.Johan Kuylenstierna, yang juga terlibat dalam pembuatan studi ini dan merupakan Direktur Kebijakan Stockholm Environment Institute di University of York menyebut, semua negara perlu bekerja sama untuk mengatasi masalah polusi, yang merupakan isu lintas batas. “Di sebuah kota mungkin hanya sebagian polusi yang benar-benar bersumber dari kota itu sendiri, sementara selebihnya dibawa oleh angin dari daerah lain atau bahkan negara lain,” katanya.BISNIS
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