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Pramugari Ternyata Lebih Berisiko Terkena Kanker, Kok Bisa? Sebuah studi terkini menyebut bahwa kru penerbangan seperti pramugari lebih berisiko terkena kanker dibandingkan orang dengan profesi lainnya.
Jenis kanker yang berisiko diderita pramugari meliputi kanker payudara, kanker serviks, kanker kulit, kanker tiroid hingga kanker di saluran cerna.
Peneliti utama dari Harvard University, Irina Mordukhovich mengatakan, pramugari lebih mungkin terpapar zat yang bersifat karsinogenik dalam lingkungan kerja mereka. Salah satu karsinogen tersebut adalah radiasi pengion kosmik, yang meningkat pada ketinggian tertentu.
"Jenis radiasi ini sangat merusak DNA dan dikenal sebagai penyebab kanker payudara dan kanker kulit nonmelanoma," kata dia dilansirFoxnews .
Untuk mendapatkan temuan ini, para peneliti menganalisia data lebih dari 5.300 pramugari dari berbagai maskapai penerbangan yang menyelesaikan survei online sebagai bagian dari Harvard Flight Attendant Health Study. Analisis ini juga melihat kasus kanker pada pramugari dibandingkan dengan sekelompok orang dengan profesi lain.
Para peneliti menemukan bahwa pada pramugari risiko terkena kanker payudara meningkat sekitar 50 persen lebih tinggi daripada perempuan dari populasi umum. Selain itu, risiko mengidap kanker melanoma juga meningkat dua kali lebih tinggi sedangkan risiko kanker kulit nonmelanoma meningkat empat kali lebih tinggi.
Begitu juga dengan pramugara, sebutan pramugari untuk laki-laki, juga berisiko 50 persen lebih tinggi mengidap kanker melanoma dan 10 persen lebih tinggi mengidap kanker kulit non melanoma.
Selain itu, beberapa penelitian juga mengaitkan faktor gangguan irama sirkadian, seperti jet lag, mungkin juga memengaruhi peningkatan risiko kanker. Gangguan ini, kata Irina, dapat menyebabkan perubahan fungsi kekebalan dan metabolisme sel, yang dapat meningkatkan risiko pertumbuhan tumor.
Zat kimia lainnya yang ditemukan di kabin akibat kebocoran mesin seperti pestisida dan retardan api juga mengandung senyawa karsinogenik yang dapat mengganggu kinerja hormon dan meningkatkan risiko beberapa jenis kanker.
Namun pramugari bukanlah satu-satunya kelompok yang berisiko mengidap kanker akibat jam terbang yang tinggi. Pilot dan penumpang yang kerap bepergian dengan pesawat juga memiliki risiko yang sama.
Untuk pilot, Irina mengatakan bahwa risiko yang umum terjadi antara lain kanker kulit dan prostat. Begitu juga dengan para penumpang yang sering menggunakan pesawat.
Demi mencegah kanker kulit selama bepergian dengan pesawat, Irina mengimbau pada penumpang dan kru kabin baik pilot maupun pramugari untuk menggunakan tabir surya. Penggunaan krim pelindung sinar UV ini cukup efektif menurunkan risiko kanker kulit.
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