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Sejarawan: Tionghoa dan Tiongkok Dua Hal yang Berbeda Pemerhati sejarah Cina dan masyarakat Tionghoa, Johanes Herlijanto, menilai ada mispersepsi di dalam masyarakat Indonesia terkait etnis Tionghoa dengan Tiongkok. Menurutnya, masyarakat di Tanah Air masih menganggap Tiongkok dan etnis Tionghoa merupakan satu kesatuan.
Padahal, kata Johanes, etnis Tionghoa dan Tiongkok merupakan dua hal yang berbeda.
"Sebetulnya orang Indonesia masih ada yang tidak berubah melihat Tiongkok dengan Tionghoa sesuatu yang mirip sama. Padahal dua entitas yang berbeda," ujar Johanes di Perpustakan Nasional Republik Indonesia, Jakarta, Selasa (20/2/2018).
Ia pun mencontohkan tidak ada penggunaan bahasa Tionghoa seperti "Owe dan Lu" di Tiongkok, bahasa yang kerap diucapkan warga keturunan Tionghoa di Indonesia.
"Iya misalnya ketika bercerita di WhatsApp Grup muncul cerita, ketika cerita orang Tiongkok kejadian di Shanghai, tapi kemudian diceritakan dengan bahasa Indonesia dan kemudian menggunakan istilah seperti 'Owe lah, lu lah'. Tidak ada (bahasa) yang seperti itu di sana (Tiongkok)," ucap Johanes.
Tak hanya itu, menurutnya mayoritas masyarakat awam masih menganggap Tionghoa bagian dari negara Tiongkok, yang merupakan kelompok yang berbeda.
"Jadi orang Indonesia melihat masih ada stereotip-stereotip atau kemudian tulisan yang mendiskreditkan Tiongkok sama seperti mereka melihat orang Indonesia dengan stereotip itu. Tapi sebaliknya mereka melihat orang Tionghoa Indonesia seolah-olah ini adalah perwakilan dari Tiongkok. Padahal ini dua kelompok yang berbeda sama sekali," tuturnya.
Dia kemudian mencontohkan kehidupan di Amerika Serikat dimana bisa melebur tanpa adanya stereotip yang berkembang.
"Di Amerika juga kan misalnya orang Amerika dari latar belakang etnik atau negara yang latar belakang yang awalnya bukan dari Amerika, tapi kemudian dia menjadi orang Amerika 100 persen gitu kan bisa. Stereotip itu (di Indonesia) masih berjalan," tandasnya.[Priscilla Trisna]