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Selalu Dikaitkan dengan Hal Gaib, Begini Penjelasan Ilmiah soal Kesurupan Massal Belum lama ini sejumlah karyawan Geprek Bensu milik Ruben Onsu di wilayah Cikarang, Bekasi, Jawa Barat, mengalami kesurupan massal. Kabar tersebut diketahui dari beredarnya video yang viral di media sosial Instagram.
Peristiwa kesurupan selalu dikaitkan dengan keberadaan mahluk gaib. Pasalnya ketika korban sadar, mereka kerap mengatakan bahwa tubuhnya seperti dikendalikan orang lain atau melihat mahluk dari alam lain. Benarkah kesurupan berhubungan dengan hal gaib?
Faktanya, kesurupan bukanlah fenomena klenik. Dalam dunia ilmiah, kesurupan disebut dengan histeria. Istilah tersebut mengacu kepada gangguan psikologis di mana tekanan dan konflik batin dikonversi menjadi sakit, nyeri, atau mengalami histeria secara tiba-tiba yang dialami beberapa orang dalam waktu bersamaan. Bila kesurupan melanda banyak orang, maka disebut histeria massal.
Gary Small M.D., psikiater dari UCLA, menjelaskan mengenai terjadinya histeria massal. Menurutnya, ketika merasa senang atau takut, seseorang bernapas lebih cepat dan mengembuskan banyak karbon dioksida. Rendahnya karbon dioksida pada tubuh menyebabkan kesemutan, kedutan, mati rasa, bahkan kejang-kejang. Gejala tersebut sering terjadi pada korban histeria massal.
Lanjut Gary, ketika seseorang mendadak mengalami histeria di keramaian, orang yang berada disekitarnya juga ikut panik, berhalusinasi, serta merasakan gejala fisik seperti orang terkena histeria massal. Inilah yang menerangkan kenapa bisa ada banyak orang terkena histeria massal atau kesurupan.
Mengenai makhluk gaib yang sering dilihat korban histeria massal, Gary menerangkan bahwa itu hanya halusinasi saja. Dalam keadaan panik dan ketakutan, terang Gary, seseorang akan cenderung memunculkan gambaran menakutkan dalam benaknya.
Dalam bukuThe Naked Lady Who Stood on Her Head: A Psychiatrist’s Stories of His Most Bizarre Cases yang ditulis Gary, terdapat fakta menarik. Ternyata hierarki sosial berpengaruh terhadap “penularan” histeria. Gary pernah meneliti fenomena pingsan dan histeria massal yang dialami 30 anak di sekolah dasar di pinggiran kota.
“Kepala sekolah tersebut menceritakan bahwa kejadian berawal dari histeria seorang anak perempuan yang cukup populer di sekolah itu, lalu akhirnya menyebar ke anak-anak lain yang kebanyakan perempuan,” papar Gary.
(ages)