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Siapakah Pribumi itu Sebenarnya? UZone - Gara-gara pidato perdana Gubernur DKI Jakarta Anies Baswedan yang menyebut kata 'pribumi' walhasil membuat geger warganet alias netizen.
Penyebutan kata tersebut berawal ketika Anies mengungkit sejarah ketika perjuangan Indonesia melawan kolonialisme dalam pidatonya di Balai Kota, Senin (16/10/2017).
Sebenarnya apa sih arti pribumi itu sendiri?
Pribumi atau penduduk asli adalah setiap orang yang lahir di suatu tempat, wilayah atau negara, dan menetap di sana dengan status orisinal, asli atau tulen (indigenious) sebagai kelompok etnis yang diakui sebagai suku bangsa bukan pendatang dari negeri lainnya.
Pribumi bersifat autochton (melekat pada suatu tempat). Secara lebih khusus, istilah pribumi ditujukan kepada setiap orang yang terlahir dengan orang tua yang juga terlahir di suatu tempat tersebut.
Dalam masa kolonial Belanda, pribumi dipakai sebagai istilah bahasa Melayu untuk Inlanders, salah satu kelompok penduduk Hindia Belanda yang berasal dari suku-suku asli Kepulauan Nusantara.
Oleh karena itu, penduduk Indonesia keturunan Cina, India, Arab (semuanya dimasukkan dalam satu kelompok, Vreemde Oosterlingen), Eropa, maupun campuran sering dikelompokkan sebagai non-pribumi meski telah beberapa generasi dilahirkan di Indonesia.
Pengelompokan ini dalam idea tidak rasistis, karena dapat terjadi perpindahan dari satu kelompok ke kelompok lain, tetapi dalam praktik menjadi rasistis karena terjadi pembedaan penempatan dalam publik, perbedaan pengupahan/penggajian, larangan penggunaan bahasa Belanda untuk kelompok tertentu, dan sebagainya.
Di Malaysia dan pada zaman sebelum Orde Baru di Indonesia, istilah Bumiputera dipakai untuk merujuk kepada penduduk asli.
Di antara penduduk asli terdapat kelompok masyarakat adat, yaitu suku-suku terasing atau suku-suku yang sedang berkembang, bahkan ada suku terasing yang masih menjalani kehidupannya seperti masyarakat Zaman Batu.