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Sulit BAB? Waspadai Kanker Usus Besar pada 8 tahun lalu - byTempo TEMPO.CO ,
Jakarta – Kanker usus besar adalah jenis kanker yang menyerang usus besar atau bagian terakhir pada sistem pencernaan manusia. Sebagian besar kasusnya diawali dengan pembentukan gumpalan-gumpalan sel berukuran kecil dan seiring berjalannya waktu terus menyebar tak terkendali.
Pada umumnya, kanker usus besar bisa diidap oleh segala usia, terutama yang berusia di atas 50 tahun. Menurut dokter spesialis penyakit dalam dan konsultan gastroenterologi-hepatologi, L. A. Lesmana, penderita kanker usus besar biasanya akan merasakan gejala yang mirip dengan penyakit wasir, seperti mengalami pendarahan ketika buang air besar.
Selain itu, ada beberapa perubahan yang terjadi berkaitan dengan kebiasaan buang air besar, di antaranya terjadi diare, susah buang air besar atau sembelit selama beberapa minggu karena adanya benjolan yang menyebabkan kotoran sulit lewat, ukuran feses secara konsisten lebih kecil dari biasanya, dan buang air besar terasa tidak tuntas.
Gejala lain yang kerap dialami oleh penderita kanker usus besar adalah turunnya berat badan serta munculnya rasa lelah tanpa penyebab yang jelas. “Beberapa gejala tersebut kerap dianggap hanya merupakan gejala dari penyakit wasir. Apalagi kalau kanker sudah membesar, susah buang air besar sering dikira wasir,” kata Lesmana.
Dia mengatakan penyebab kanker usus besar memang belum diketahui secara pasti. Namun dengan menjaga gaya hidup sehat dapat mencegah terjadinya kanker tersebut. Selain itu, ada beberapa hal lain yang sangat baik diterapkan untuk mencegah penyakit tersebut, misalnya dengan memperbanyak konsumsi sayur dan buah, membatasi konsumsi daging merah, serta berolahraga.
Hal lainnya yang bisa dilakukan sebagai upaya pencegahan kanker usus besar yaitu tidak merokok, membatasi konsumsi alkohol, mengonsumsi suplemen vitamin D, menjaga berat badan ideal, serta melakukan pemeriksaan bagi yang berusia di atas 50 tahun.
Selain mereka yang berusia di atas 50 tahun, seseorang dengan riwayat keluarga menderita kanker atau polip usus besar juga berisiko tinggi terkena kanker usus besar. Tak hanya itu, mereka yang sebelumnya memiliki riwayat kanker di bagian tubuh lain pun tetap harus waspada karena juga berisiko terkena penyakit tersebut. Mereka yang mengidap penyakit radang usus yang berjalan lama juga harus berhati-hati karena mempunyai risiko yang sama terkena penyakit tersebut.
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