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WHO Ingatkan Bahaya Penyalahgunaan Antibiotik Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) kembali mengingatkan warga dunia tentang bahaya penyalahgunaanantibiotik. Penggunaan antibiotik berlebih di beberapa negara bisa berujung pada sederet penyakit mematikan. Peringatan ini bermula dari data yang dimiliki WHO pada 2015. Data ini mengumpulkan kebiasaan penggunaan antibiotik di 65 negara. Hasilnya, ada perbedaan signifikan dalam tingkat konsumsi antibiotik. Mulai dari yang terendah sekitar 4defined daily doses (DDD) per 1.000 penduduk hingga lebih dari 64 DDD. "Perbedaan besar dalam penggunaan antibiotik itu menunjukkan bahwa beberapa negara terbilang 'kaya' antibiotik, sementara beberapa negara lain tidak," tulis WHO dalam sebuah keterangan, melansirAFP .
Ada ketidakseimbangan dalam hal ini. Beberapa negara terbilang mudah mengakses obat-obatan termasuk antibiotik, sementara sejumlah negara lain masih kesulitan mengakses obat-obatan medis. Laporan WHO juga menunjukkan perbedaan besar dalam tingkat konsumsi antibiotik yang terjadi bahkan di dalam satu wilayah. Di Turki, misalnya, di mana konsumsi antibiotik lima kali lebih tinggi daripada negara lain di sekitarnya seperti Azerbaijan. WHO sendiri mengakui bahwa penggunaan antibiotik di dunia medis masih jauh dari sempurna.Krisis Antibiotik Sebelumnya, WHO juga telah berulang kali memperingatkan dunia tentang krisis antibiotik. Tahun lalu, WHO juga mendesak pemerintah setiap negara dan industri farmasi untuk menciptakan obat generasi baru untuk melawan bakteri yang kian lama kian resisten terhadap obat. "Penggunaan (antibiotik) berlebih adalah penyebab utama resistensi antibiotik," ujar Kepala Unit Obat Esensial WHO, Suzanne Hill.
Tanpa antibiotik, lanjut Hill, tubuh akan kehilangan kemampuan untuk mengobati infeksi dan melawan bakteri yang menyerang. Ditemukan pada tahun 1928, antibiotik telah menyelamatkan puluhan juta nyawa dengan melawan penyakit-penyakit yang disebabkan bakteri seperti pneumonia, tuberkulosis, dan meningitis. Namun, selama beberapa dekade ke belakang, bakteri kian kuat. Bakteri mampu melawan dan membangun ketahanan terhadap obat. Bakteri juga dapat menjadi resisten ketika pasien menggunakan antibiotik yang tidak dibutuhkan atau tidak menyelesaikan pengobatan. Dengan begitu, secara tidak langsung tubuh membiarkan bakteri berkembang. Hill bersikeras bahwa temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa berbagai pihak harus mengambil tindakan mendesak. Salah satunya mendesak dunia medis untuk membuat kebijakan pemberian resep dengan mengurangi pemberian antibiotik yang tidak diperlukan pada pasien.
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