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Apa Itu LFP yang Ramai Diperdebatkan? Uzone.id - LFP disebut-sebut dan bahkan jadi pedebatan di debat Cawapres, MInggu (21/1). Apa itu LFP yang singkatannya adalahlithium iron-phosphate , yang digunakan sebagai baterai untuk mobil listrik.
Baterai LFP adalah salah satu jenis baterai yang tidak menggunakan material nikel, mangan dan cobalt (NMC), karena lebih mengandalkan besi fosfat sebagai bahan bakunya.
Baterai LFP (LiFePO4 ) dikenal dengan masa pakai yang lama dan kinerja yang baik pada suhu tinggi. Baterai LFP diprediksi akan menjadi baterai untuk semua kendaraan listrik masa depan. Sebab, baterai jenis ini dianggap lebih aman dari panas.
Baterai LFP tidak mengandung O2 sehingga meskipun dapat mengeluarkan sejumlah gas saat terjadi korsleting, baterai tersebut tidak akan terbakar seperti baterai nikel. Hal ini membuatnya jauh lebih aman dan tahan lama.
Namun, baterai LFP memiliki kepadatan energi yang lebih rendah dibandingkan baterai NCM. Baterai NCM yang memiliki kepadatan energi lebih tinggi dapat menyimpan lebih banyak energi dalam kemasan yang lebih kecil dan ringan sehingga banyak dipakai untuk kendaraan listrik.
Biasanya baterai LFP yang dibuat dengan arsitektur serupa dengan baterai nikel memiliki kepadatan energi lebih rendah 30-40 persen.
Namun baterai LFP dapat bertahan selama ribuan siklus pengisian daya dan tahan terhadap penyalahgunaan pengisian daya cepat.
LFP battery punya keunggulan lantaran masa pakainya bisa mencapai 2.000 hingga 3.000 cycle . Untuk pemakaian harian, LFP battery bisa digunakan antara enam hingga 10 tahun.
Sementara masa pakai NMC battery lebih pendek, antara 1.000 hingga 1.500 cycle . Sehingga jika kendaraannya dipakai harian, baterai tersebut bisa bertahan hingga lima tahun.
Singkat kata, dalam kondisi pemakaian dan perawatan yang setara, pengguna kendaraan listrik yang baterainya berbasis nikel akan lebih sering mengganti baterai dibanding jika menggunakan baterai berbasis fero.
NamunC-rate baterai lithium berbasis nikel jauh lebih baik ketimbang baterai berbasis bahan lainnya. Sederhananya, semakin tinggi C-rate , semakin singkat pula waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk mengisi daya.
Di Indonesia, setidaknya ada tiga merek mobil listrik yang sudah menggunakan baterai LFP, yakni mobil listrik Wuling, Chery dan juga BYD.